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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rubidiumazid</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Chemikalie" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Chemikalie">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Kristallstruktur
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe-basis" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:80%;"><span style="background:#C0C0C0;border-radius: 12px;color: transparent; width: 12px; line-height:12px;display:inline-block;">_</span> <a href="Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a><sup>+</sup> <span style="visibility:hidden;">0</span> <span style="background:#0000FF;border-radius: 12px;color: transparent; width: 12px; line-height:12px;display:inline-block;">_</span> <a href="Stickstoff" title="Stickstoff">N</a><sup>1/3−</sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Kristallsystem" title="Kristallsystem">Kristallsystem</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>tetragonal
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Raumgruppe" title="Raumgruppe">Raumgruppe</a>
</td>
<td>
<p><i>I</i>4/<i>mcm</i> (Nr. 140)<span style="display:none;">Vorlage:Raumgruppe/140</span><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Gitterparameter" title="Gitterparameter">Gitterparameter</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>a = 630,8 pm, c = 753,7 pm, Z = 4
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Allgemeines
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="width:33%;">Name
</td>
<td>Rubidiumazid
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Verh%C3%A4ltnisformel" title="Verhältnisformel">Verhältnisformel</a>
</td>
<td>RbN<sub>3</sub>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Kurzbeschreibung
</td>
<td>
<p>farblose, leicht hygroskopische Kristalle<sup id="cite_ref-Lax_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lax-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="padding:0;">
<table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" data-expandtext="+" data-collapsetext="−" style="border-top:none; margin:-1px; width:calc(100% + 2px);">
<tbody><tr>
<td style="width:33%;"><a href="CAS-Nummer" title="CAS-Nummer">CAS-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=22756-36-1">22756-36-1</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</td>
<td style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; border-top:1px solid #FFDEAD; padding:0.2em 0; vertical-align:bottom; width:5%;">
</td></tr>
<tr style="display:none;" class="editoronly">
<td><a href="PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class="wikidata-content"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6101637">6101637</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1248264" class="extiw external" title="d:Q1248264">Q1248264</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Eigenschaften
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Molare Masse</a>
</td>
<td>127,488 <a href="Gramm" title="Gramm">g</a>·<a href="Mol" title="Mol">mol</a><sup>−1</sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Aggregatzustand" title="Aggregatzustand">Aggregatzustand</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>fest
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Dichte" title="Dichte">Dichte</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>2,79 g·cm<sup>−3</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Perry_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perry-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Schmelzpunkt" title="Schmelzpunkt">Schmelzpunkt</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>310 <a href="Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius">°C</a> (Zersetzung)<sup id="cite_ref-Perry_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perry-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="L%C3%B6slichkeit" title="Löslichkeit">Löslichkeit</a>
</td>
<td>
<ul><li>1070 g·l<sup>−1</sup> (16 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-Perry_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perry-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>nahezu unlöslich in absolutem Ether<sup id="cite_ref-Lax_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lax-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Sicherheitshinweise
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="width:100%;">
<tbody><tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien" title="Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien">GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung</a></b><br><i>keine Einstufung verfügbar</i><sup id="cite_ref-NV_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NV-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; font-size:80%; text-align:center; line-height:150%; padding:.25em;">Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei <a href="Standardbedingungen" title="Standardbedingungen">Standardbedingungen</a> (0 °C, 1000 hPa).
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><p><b>Rubidiumazid</b> ist eine <a href="Chemische_Verbindung" title="Chemische Verbindung">chemische Verbindung</a> aus <a href="Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rubidium</a> und <a href="Stickstoff" title="Stickstoff">Stickstoff</a>. Es gehört zu den <a href="Azide" title="Azide">Aziden</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herstellung">Herstellung</h2></div>
<p>Rubidiumazid kann aus <a href="Rubidiumcarbonat" title="Rubidiumcarbonat">Rubidiumcarbonat</a> und <a href="Natriumazid" title="Natriumazid">Natriumazid</a> hergestellt werden.<sup id="cite_ref-Balzer_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Balzer-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {Rb2CO3 + 2NaN3 -> 2RbN3 + Na2CO3}}}">
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<mn>3</mn>
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<mtext>NaN</mtext>
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<mn>3</mn>
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<mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em"></mspace>
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</msubsup>
<mo stretchy="false">⟶<!-- ⟶ --></mo>
<mn>2</mn>
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<mtext>RbN</mtext>
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<mn>3</mn>
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<mo>+</mo>
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<mtext>Na</mtext>
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<mtext>CO</mtext>
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<mn>3</mn>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {Rb2CO3 + 2NaN3 -> 2RbN3 + Na2CO3}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/48ba4ea0c5826096538fff8a7338444bb70db4c1.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:42.477ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathrm {Rb} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}\mathrm {CO} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{3}}{}+{}2\,\mathrm {NaN} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{3}}{}\mathrel {\longrightarrow } {}2\,\mathrm {RbN} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{3}}{}+{}\mathrm {Na} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}\mathrm {CO} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{3}}}}" loading="lazy"></span>
</p><p>Rubidiumazid entsteht auch bei der Einwirkung von Stickstoff auf Rubidium unter dem Einfluss einer elektrischen Entladung. Parallel dazu entsteht Rubidiumnitrid.<sup id="cite_ref-Wattenberg_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wattenberg-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften">Eigenschaften</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physikalische_Eigenschaften">Physikalische Eigenschaften</h3></div>
<p>Rubidiumazid kristallisiert im <a href="Tetragonales_Kristallsystem" title="Tetragonales Kristallsystem">tetragonalen Kristallsystem</a> in der <a href="Raumgruppe" title="Raumgruppe">Raumgruppe</a> <i>I</i>4/<i>mcm</i> (Raumgruppen-Nr. 140)<span style="display:none;">Vorlage:Raumgruppe/140</span><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span> mit den <a href="Gitterparameter" title="Gitterparameter">Gitterparametern</a> a = 630,8 pm, c = 753,7 pm, und 4 <a href="Formeleinheit" title="Formeleinheit">Formeleinheiten</a> pro <a href="Elementarzelle" title="Elementarzelle">Elementarzelle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lax_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lax-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Müller_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Müller-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chemische_Eigenschaften">Chemische Eigenschaften</h3></div>
<p>Bei der thermischen Zersetzung von Rubidiumazid entsteht bei 310 °C neben elementarem Rubidium (60 %) auch Rubidiumnitrid.<sup id="cite_ref-Yost_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yost-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es ist jedoch nicht explosiv.<sup id="cite_ref-Abegg_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abegg-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {2RbN3 -> 2Rb + 3N2 ^}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {2RbN3 -> 2Rb + 3N2 ^}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/7664bd07986d0c6d36bfc0994833b026795b6f3d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:25.348ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {2\,\mathrm {RbN} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{3}}{}\mathrel {\longrightarrow } {}2\,\mathrm {Rb} {}+{}3\,\mathrm {N} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}\uparrow {}}}" loading="lazy"></span>
</p><p><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {3RbN3 -> Rb3N + 4N2 ^}}}">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {3RbN3 -> Rb3N + 4N2 ^}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/fc499afaae0b318a4609882a3303a17757ea9aa5.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:26.596ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {3\,\mathrm {RbN} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{3}}{}\mathrel {\longrightarrow } {}\mathrm {Rb} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{3}}\mathrm {N} {}+{}4\,\mathrm {N} {\vphantom {A}}_{\smash[{t}]{2}}\uparrow {}}}" loading="lazy"></span>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwendung">Verwendung</h2></div>
<p>Durch die thermische Zersetzung der Verbindung kann elementares <a href="Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rubidium</a> gewonnen werden.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Lax-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lax_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lax_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Lax_1-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Jean_D%E2%80%99Ans" title="Jean D’Ans">Jean D’Ans</a>, <a href="Ellen_Lax" title="Ellen Lax">Ellen Lax</a>: <i><a href="Taschenbuch_f%C3%BCr_Chemiker_und_Physiker" title="Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker">Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker</a>. 3. Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale, Band 3.</i> 4. Auflage, Springer, 1997, ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0, S. 688 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=oWjEKDnsJgEC&pg=PA688#v=onepage">eingeschränkte Vorschau</a> in der Google-Buchsuche).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Perry-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Perry_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Perry_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Perry_2-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Dale L. Perry, Sidney L. Phillips: <i>Handbook of inorganic compounds</i>. CRC Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8493-8671-8, S. 333 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA333#v=onepage">eingeschränkte Vorschau</a> in der Google-Buchsuche).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NV-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NV_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dieser Stoff wurde in Bezug auf seine Gefährlichkeit entweder noch nicht eingestuft oder eine verlässliche und zitierfähige Quelle hierzu wurde noch nicht gefunden.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Balzer-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Balzer_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dissertation: "Strukturchemische Untersuchungen von Halogenidaziden des Bariums, Thalliums und Zinks", Universität Dortmund, 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/962892645/34">PDF</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Wattenberg-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Wattenberg_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">H. Wattenberg: <i>Über zwei Bildungsweisen von Natriumnitrid und Kaliumnitrid</i> in <i>Ber. d. dt. chem. Ges.</i> <b>1930</b>, <i>63</i>(7), S. 1667–1672. <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cber.19300630708">10.1002/cber.19300630708</a></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Müller-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Müller_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Ulrich_M%C3%BCller_(Chemiker)" title="Ulrich Müller (Chemiker)">Ulrich Müller</a>: "Verfeinerung der Kristallstrukturen von KN<sub>3</sub>, RbN<sub>3</sub>, CsN<sub>3</sub> und TlN<sub>3</sub>" in <i><a href="Z._anorg._allg._Chem." class="mw-redirect" title="Z. anorg. allg. Chem.">Z. anorg. allg. Chem.</a></i> <b>1972</b>, <i>392</i>(2), S. 159–166. <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19723920207">10.1002/zaac.19723920207</a></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Yost-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Yost_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Don M. Yost: "Systematic Inorganic Chemistry", Verlag Read Books, 2007. ISBN 978-1-4067-7302-6. S. 128ff. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=qPGzhL3Y50YC&pg=PA128#v=onepage">eingeschränkte Vorschau</a> in der Google-Buchsuche)</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Abegg-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Abegg_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">R. Abegg, F. Auerbach: 'Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie'. Verlag S. Hirzel, Bd. 2, 1908. S. 430. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/stream/handbuchderanor09koppgoog#page/n449/mode/2up">Volltext</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">R.J. Meyer, Erich Pietsch: . Hrsg.: Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft. 8. völlig neu bearbeitete Auflage. Band 24. Verlag Chemie GmbH, Berlin 1937, S. 114</span>
</li>
</ol>
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